Mercedes Benz Operations Management - 5823 Words

Table of Contents Table of Contents i Executive Summary 1 Part (A) 2 A-I: Operations Management at Daimler Mercedes-Benz 2 Quality Material Management 2 Speed 4 Dependability and Flexibility 6 Cost 6 A-II: Process Management at Daimler Mercedes-Benz 7 Types of Daimler Mercedes-Benz customers 7 Advanced Design Process 8 The Body and paint Shop (Raw Materials and Workers job commitment) 9 The Assembly Line 10 Customer Service Strategy 11 Inventory Management 13 Purchasing and Supply Chain Management 14 The Process Chart 15 A-III: Lean Management in Mercedes Benz 16 Part (B) Capacity Management in Mercedes Benz 19 Part (C) Conclusion and Recommendations 22 Reference List 24 Executive Summary Daimler Mercedes-Benz is one of the most†¦show more content†¦The increasing numbers of sub-model cars can also affect the brand quality through increasing any risk issues once launched to the public. Furthermore, according to (Stephen, 2004) Mercedes customers have high expectations about the high quality promised by the company. In 2003, the company disappointed many customers when they sold over 2000 vehicles with an extra option for a navigation system, which were not ready to be delivered at the right time, also accompanied by other mechanical issues. On the other hand, the company made an announcement about its new high quality hydraulic breaking system, which increased its competitiveness in terms of safety and quality against other competitors in the industry. Our company should make sure that manufacturers deliver products with the highest design specification, in order to be order-winner quality conformance, by delivering products with no defects (Hill and Hill, 2012). Furthermore, improvements in quality lead to a decrease in cost for the company. According to (Evans, 1997) higher quality products lead to a decrease in costs for the company through higher productivity: ‘improvements in quality leads to lower cost because of less re-work, fewer mistakes, fewer delays and snags’ (Evans 1997, P.55). Speed According to (Hill and Hill, 2012), synchronising all supply chain activities through using the same data, and completing production at the scheduled time, coordinated between the manufacturer and suppliers,Show MoreRelatedSystems and Operations Management Mercedes Benz9163 Words   |  37 PagesSystems and Operations Management Mercedes Benz Analysis of the competitiveness of operations management Abhijeet Ghosh, A4060514, MBA Intake 14 (Group B) London School of Business and Finance Table of Content Executive Summary amp; Introduction 3 Product and Services 3 Task 1: Operations Management 4 Operations Strategy 4 Process Design 4 Body Shop 5 Paint Shop 6 Assembly 7 Just in Time 8 Quality Management 8 Innovation and Improvement 9 Supply Chain Management 10 Task 2:Read MoreInternal Environment1051 Words   |  5 PagesENVIRONMENT: ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS Corporate Structure. Mercedes-Benz corporate structure is representing eleven different departments, with an average of four core practice areas in each. Let’s start the discussion of the corporate structure by considering Corporate Communications Department. This department works on cultivating a positive news-media image and manages internal communications to retails. . Whenever Mercedes-Benz owners are in need of answers on their questions, customer serviceRead MoreBmw Competitive Analysis1443 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness sectors in the global framework for analysis. The Japanese cars are now supplemented by luxury models, such as Lexus Infinity and Acura to compete with European cars made by BMW and Mercedes and Audi. In this analysis, I’m going to develop company profile of BMW and its competitors (Lexus and Mercedes-Benz) per Porters criteria. BMW AG Group BMW AG was founded in 1916. Today the Company is one of Germany’s largest and most successful car and motorcycle manufacturers in the worldRead MoreAnalysis Of Mercedes Benz Company At Uae973 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract: This project is focused on the Mercedes Benz Company. In this report we are going to highlight the use of information systems in Mercedes Benz Company at UAE. The information about the role of information system in an organization and how it helps the managerial authorities to take the decision is also covered briefly in the report. The information systems not only helps in decision making but also helps in reducing the cost and minimizing the risks of the company. Information systems areRead MoreMarketing And Service Management : Mercedes Benz3485 Words   |  14 Pages MARKETING AND SERVICE MANAGEMENT FATIMA MOHAMMED DANMADAMI @OO431319 GLOBAL MANAGEMENT MODULE SUPERVISOR: DR. PETER REEVES Mercedes Benz marketing mix in Nigeria TABLE OF CONTENT Cover page†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2 SECTION A Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Marketing†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Marketing mix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Price Product PlaceRead MoreMercedes Benz7662 Words   |  31 PagesSALES MANAGEMENT OF SUBMITTED TO: PROF. PARAG SHAH DATE: 5/4/2011 SUBMITTED BY: DHRUV NIRALBHAI PATEL FSB-1 61250 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The recent growth in the luxury car market in India is much more than mere market dynamics in a particular car segment. It is a reflection of the changing lifestyle of the affluent class in the country. Luxury car majors in India - Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Audi put together have around 85% market share. The German car brand Mercedes-BenzRead MoreOperation Strategy2306 Words   |  10 Pages1. â€Å"Operations can make or break a business†. For an organization, operations include all the activities necessary for the fulfillment of customer requests, not just manufacture, also marketing, HRM, accounting, etc (Slack, Chambers and Johnston 2007, p5). Through operations, business provide products and service by changing inputs to outputs. Operations excellence is fundamental to strategic success. And according to Skinner (1969), operations management (OM) can contribute to better company performanceRead MoreMercedes Benz3029 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction The global company Mercedes-Benz is considered one of the most successful and well-known automotive companies worldwide. Since 1886, the company’s founders Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz made history with the invention of the automobile, including the Daimler Group, which is one the biggest producers of premium cars and the world’s biggest manufacturer of commercial vehicles globally (Daimler, 2013). Their main focus is innovation, safety, technology, style, brand image, expansionRead MoreChallenges Facing Emirates Motor Company6080 Words   |  25 Pagesexportation of goods or services. The Emirates Motor Company has for many years engaged in the importation of Mercedes Benz from Germany into the UAE. One of the major challenges that the organization has suffered is lack of sufficient funding. As such, the organization has not been in a position to fully exploit the UAE market. The company also has to deal with high cost of operations. Importation activities require firms to pay for shipping and loading charges for the goods. The importer alsoRead MoreMercedes-Benz Case Study2168 Words   |  9 PagesDiploma in Accounting (DACCF) – Full Time | Operations Management amp; Value Chain (OMVC) – Jan 2013 | Mercedes-Benz | Contents: * Introduction – page 2 * Product Design and Development Process – page 2 * Manufacturing Process and Process Strategy – page 4 * Five Critical Dimensions of Product Quality – page 6 * References – page 9 Introduction Mercedes-Benz  is a multinational division of the manufacturer  Daimler AG from German and the brand is used for luxury

The Russian Revolution Of 1917 - 943 Words

The Russian Revolution of 1917 was an event that many historians have offered different perspectives on, as it was the start of a regime that greatly impacted the history of totalitarianism. Though much went on during 1917, the February Revolution and the fall of Tsarist regime was an event that created dialogue and prompted historians to pose perspectives as to what factors contributed to the Russian Monarchy ending in catastrophe. Many of these perspectives are focused on personalities. Some historians may argue that the rule of Tsar Nicholas II was tragically flawed, as there were many political mistakes such as mismanagement of the war effort by the Tsar, therefore upsetting the Russian civilians, such as the nobility as well as the monarchists who believed that the Tsar caused the crisis of the autocracy. However, there is also attention to the wartime crisis that preceded the eve of the uprising at the palace and, therefore, blaming the revolution on multiple conspirators such as the Russian Freemasons, many of which were in the Duma. Meanwhile, there is much attention on Valentin Rasputin due to the influence that he had on Nicholas and Alexandra, as well as the public’s dislike of Alexandra, which eventually leads to many turning against Nicholas II and ultimately contributed to creating an environment where the Duma was wanted instead of the Tsar, forcing him to abdicate. This paper will explore six different historian’s interpretations of the fall of the RussianShow MoreRelatedThe Russian Revolution Of 19171109 Words   |  5 Pagessole cause of the Russian Revolution of 1917. Even before the outbreak of war, the Russian population were largely dissatisfied with the government under the Tsarist regime. Though the Great War played a role in sparking the Russian Revolution, with much of the unstable faith in the Tsar collapsing in Military Russia, it would be naà ¯ve to discredit the mounting economic and social pressures that contribute d to the fall of the Tsarist Regime, and the beginning of the Revolution. Leading up to theRead MoreThe Russian Revolution Of 19171619 Words   |  7 PagesThe Russian Revolution of 1917 involved the collapse of an empire under Tsar Nicholas II and the rise of Marxian socialism under Lenin and his Bolsheviks. It sparked the beginning of a new era in Russia that had effects on countries around the world. In the years leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917, the country had a succession of wars. These were, The Crimean War (1854-56), The Russo-Turkish War (1877-78), The Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), and World War I (1914-18). All of these requiredRead MoreThe Russian Revolution Of 19171294 Words   |  6 Pages Russia 1917, harsh working conditions, famine, and all power to one leader. Russia was living in discord presumably through political oppression, furthermore, political oppression inspires violence and terrorism. It affects daily residents because they’re under control of whoever is in charge. Terrorism tears people apart. The Russian Revolution in 1917 started because of the political oppression and ended in a dictatorship because humans are power hungry. It also continues to leave citizens withRead MoreThe Russian Revolution Of 19171594 Words   |  7 PagesThe Russian Revolution of 1917 did not just suddenly happen overnight, just as there was no main reason why it happened. The Revolution was more like a virus or bad bacteria. At first you barely notice it, even though you know it is there, but soon it starts to multiply and take over your body and before you know it you have been diagnosed with a terminal illness. There are about 4 or 5 significant reasons why there was the revolution of 1917, with the Russian Tsar Nicolas II to be the blame forRead MoreThe Russian Revolution Of 19171646 Words   |  7 PagesThe Russian Revolution of 1917 brought with it the fall of 300 years of Romanov rule and marked the beginning of the transition of Tsarism to Communism, from which Lenin established the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, succeeded by Stalin. The Revolution is worthy of investigation as it is arguably the most significant event of the 20th century, considering that it helped shape many other subsequent events such as the Second World War and the Cold War. The Bolsheviks’ triumph can be accountedRead MoreThe Russian Revolu tion Of 19171946 Words   |  8 Pages The Russian Revolution of 1917 set the country on a course that few other countries took in the 20th century. The shift from the direction of a democratic, parliamentary-style government to a one party communist rule was a drastic change that many did not and could not predict. Looking back on this key moment in Russian history, many historians ask the question ‘why did the political power in Russia shift to the Bolsheviks’? Since the revolution in 1905 Russia was becoming progressively more democraticRead MoreThe Russian Revolution Of 1917848 Words   |  4 PagesThe Russian Revolution of 1917 was a product of growing agitation within Russia as a result of various factors, both internally and externally of Russia. The detachment of the Tsar to the wants and needs of the people, in concurrence with their involvement in World War One, led to an uprising and revolution. Many historians describe the outcomes of this revolution using Marxist theory, explaining the key ideologies that come in to play as the revolution comes to an end and the newly established BolshevikRead MoreThe Russian Revolution Of 19171563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Russian Revolution of 1917 swept the country into an entirely new epoch, changing a monarch-led country into the Soviet Union and spreading the red of communism in waves through generations. A powerful team of Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky organized the Bolsheviks, or Red Army, in political and military strategy against the Menshevik White Army. Part of their success came from the lack of unification of the Mensheviks. While the White Army banded together under a simply ‘anti-Bolshevik’ policyRead MoreThe Russian Revolutions of 1917 Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesThe Russian Revolutions of 1917 There were two revolutions that occurred in Russia in 1917. The first one, in February, overthrew the Russian monarchy. The second one, in October, created the world’s first Communist state. The Russian revolutions of 1917 involved a series of uprisings by workers and peasants throughout the country and by soldiers, who were predominantly of peasant origin, in the Russian army. Many of the uprisings were organized and led byRead More1917 Russian Revolution Essay1114 Words   |  5 PagesRussian Revolution Essay. Throughout history there have been many revolutions between the population of a country and its government. People always want change, usually in the directions of freedom, peace and equality and in the lead up to the 1917 Russian revolution; there were a variety of social, political and economic situations that all played their part. In the years leading up to the revolution, Russia had been involved in a series of wars. The Crimean war, The Russo-Turkish war, The Russo-Japanese

Concepts and Applications of Inferential Statistics

Question: What have you learned about statistics? In developing your responses, consider at a minimum and discuss the application of each of the course elements in analyzing and making decisions about data (counts and/or measurements)? Answer: I had already attended the class on the statistics. The succinct thesis statement from this class on statistics is that statistics is a subject, which deals with organising and analysing the data that are either numeric in nature or it has to be converted to numeric data by the researcher. In the class, various topics on statistics were discussed and the application of these topics; i.e. the course elements and their analysis and decision-making properties were explored. Based on this exploration about statistics in the class, I am developing a response on the study of the course elements and their uses. Descriptive statistics Descriptive statistics was a course element in the class of the statistics, which deals with the summarisation of the given data and describing them using the basic statistical tools of mean, median, mode, standard deviation, quartiles, skewness and kurtosis. This course element mainly gives the summary of the samples used in the analysis. This kind of analysis is the 1st type of analysis done to the data sets which give a vivid idea about the nature of the data set available to us. The use of descriptive statistics is to present quantitative descriptions in a form that can be managed and understood easily. Descriptive statistics is mainly an indicator of the measure of central tendency of the data, variability of the data, the maximum and minimum value of the data and the tailed-ness and the asymmetry of the probability distribution of the data (Bickel Lehmann, 2012). Inferential statistics It is not always possible to get the whole population for analysis. We, therefore, use the samples from the population, for our further analysis. Therefore, it is very important for the sample to represent the population accurately. Inferential statistics is the process that allows us to conclude about the population from which the sample is drawn. The process of doing performing this inferential statistics is known as sampling and this process incurs sampling errors, thus a perfect representation of the population by the samples is not expected. There are two processes of inferential statistics and they are the estimation of parameters , and Testing of hypothesis. Thus, inferential statistics infers information about the underlying population on analysing the samples from the population and considering the sampling errors (Lowry, 2014). Hypothesis development and testing Development and testing of hypothesis is an important method for statistical inference. Here, the given statistical data set is compared with the idealized model of the population in accordance with a given significance level. In development and testing of hypothesis, we were taught to on is identify a research question at first so that the area of interest for the testing narrows down to a more specified area. After this, the specific issue is created in the area of interest and the specific questions are framed for the hypothesis. The next step is to create the hypothesis. Here, the hypothesis is mainly the relationship between the variables, which is to be studied. Two types of hypothesis are created, one is null hypothesis and the other is called alternative hypothesis. The hypothesis is then tested using various tests, depending on the variables and then conclusion is drawn depending upon the result from the test. The conclusion is either acceptance or rejection of null hypothes is (Lehmann, 2012). Selection of appropriate statistical test Statistical tests are selected on the type of the sample data. At first, we have to check what type of data is our sample data; i.e. whether the data is nominal data, or ordinal data or interval data or ratio data. Our next aim is to know whether the given set of data follows normal distribution or not normal distribution. Once we know the types of data and the distribution of the data, we can easily select the appropriate statistical test. However, there is no need to check the distribution for ordinal and nominal data, but the distribution must be checked in case of ratio data and interval data. In addition, if the distribution of the data is normal distribution, then we will use different types of parametric tests whereas, if the data is not normal distribution, then we will use different types of non-parametric tests. Thus, the above process does selection of appropriate statistical test (Stanojevic Rosenfeld, 2015). Evaluating statistical results After selecting the appropriate statistical test, the test is performed and we get a value of the test statistic. We then find the p-value and see the alpha error. Ifwe find the p-value to be less than 0.05, then we can say that data is not following the normal distribution and we should use the non-parametric test for this kind of data set whereas if he p-value is more than 0.05, then we can conclude that the data follows normal distribution and we accept the null hypothesis for this test (Tanner Youssef-Morgan, 2013). The chances of a data set to follow non normal distributions increases if the sample size is less. The statistical results from descriptive statistics are evaluated and this evaluation helps us to know about the basic properties of the data set. The descriptive statistics tells us about the mean, median, mode, skewness, kurtosis, quartiles of the given data set (Tanner Youssef-Morgan, 2013). In addition, data analysis can be done based on the dependency of a variable on other variable and on the extent at which a variable can describe another variable. Thus, we can also get the correlation and regression of the variables. This is how evaluation of different statistical results takes place. (Mohimani, Kim Pevzner, 2013). Conclusion of the thesis On attending the class on statistics, I have got to know about the various steps in the analysis of the data set. The thesis tells us about the various processes that are done on a data set to analyse it. At first we have to check the descriptive statistics and then select the appropriate issue for analysis. After selecting the appropriate issue, we are to form the hypothesis whether to accept or reject the given hypothesis. Then we have to conduct the appropriate statistical test based on the type of the sample and then analyse its result to accept or reject the null hypothesis. Thus, this thesis deals on the appropriate evaluation of the sample we got from the population. Reference Bickel, P. J., Lehmann, E. L. (2012).Descriptive statistics for nonparametric models. III. Dispersion(pp. 499-518). Springer US. Lehmann, E. L. (2012).Some principles of the theory of testing hypotheses(pp. 139-164). Springer US. Lowry, R. (2014). Concepts and applications of inferential statistics. Mohimani, H., Kim, S., Pevzner, P. A. (2013). A new approach to evaluating statistical significance of spectral identifications.Journal of proteome research,12(4), 1560-1568. Stanojevic, S., Rosenfeld, M. (2015). Selection and Appropriate Use of Spirometric Reference Equations for the Pediatric Population. InDiagnostic Tests in Pediatric Pulmonology(pp. 181-193). Springer New York. Tanner, D., Youssef-Morgan, C. (2013). Statistics for Managers. Bridgepoint Education.

Development Proposal For Coles Supermarket †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Development Proposal For Coles Supermarket? Answer: Introducation From past a decade we have witnessed various technological trends that have made a major impact on our day to day activities as well as on the business operations and processes. Smart phones, high speed internet and cloud computing technologies have made a drastic change in the business execution. With these technologies, businesses are now capable of dealing with global clients and also have improved their productivity levels and also have helped global businesses to reduce their cost investments. The advent of smart phones and high speed internet has given rise to mobile business solutions that help businesses to stay connected anywhere in the world (Godwin-Jones, 2008). Thus, there is significant increase in production which helps businesses to provide high value to their customers. Severe competition in global markets has made it compulsory for most of the businesses to adopt mobile business solution and keep their employees and clients connected in a network and be highly p roductive (Holzer and Ondrus, n.d.). The aim of this report is to effectively design and develop a new technology for one of the leading supermarkets in Australia, which is Coles Supermarket. The report focuses to develop a mobile application for Coles Supermarket as a part of mobile business solution for the company. For the purpose of the project report, it has been assumed that Coles Supermarket own a fully functional official website and is now planning to implement a mobile business solution (a mobile application), that will integrate all the existing website features such as browsing grocery products, filter products, add to cart, and also checkout. Some additional features such as promo codes and discounts on a minimum amount purchases will be included to gather attention of Coles customers to use the mobile application. The project report is structured as follows: the important technologies and platforms required for the application development, identifying the success factors and the technology enablers, different cost factors involved in the mobile application development and the key components etc are discussed in this report. Technologies and Platforms required for Application Development Following is the detailed description of the range of technologies that are used by programmers for developing a mobile business solution (mobile application): HTML 5 is considered to be ideal or primary programming language and is mainly used to develop a web fronted application for various mobile devices. HTML 5 has many unique and easy features such as simple insertion of various data types, accountability for different size of device screens, and rationalizing the input parameters. But, the HTML 5 programming language has a limitation that it is still considered to be a proposed standard. Also, the HTML 5 is cost efficient in comparison with other programming language or technologies as it is supported by various browsers (Austins, 2017). The next technology is Objective C, which was chosen by Apple Inc as a primary language for programming their iOS applications. Apple Inc built various iOS applications using Objective C and made them scalable and robust. Objective C is a superset of C language and consists of wide range of functionalities which deal with display functions, Input / Output and graphics. As a part of development framework of Apple, integration of Objective C is made fully on all MACOS and iOS frameworks. But now, Objective C has been slowly replaced by yet another latest technology called as Swift. This programming language mainly takes into consideration of few important elements such as Cocoa Touch and Cocoa which are the latest APIs in Apple. Currently, Swift programming language is being used simultaneously with Objective C, but in some time, Swift language will tend to replace the Objective C completely as many businesses prefer cutting edge features in their mobile applications (SCAND ( EN), 2017). The next technology used in mobile application development is C++. C++ is definitely the most robust and appropriate programming language to build mobile applications for Windows and Android devices. C++ is a very powerful and also widely used programming language and allows development of various mobile business solutions for wide range of business applications and can be implemented on almost all the platforms. Lastly, Java programming language is yet another important technology that is used in development of mobile business solutions. Java is the most widely used and preferred programming language for application development for Android devices. Java programming language can be run in two approaches. They are in a browser window and also in a virtual machine that can work without a browser. This kind of flexibility helps the programmers for updating software as well as to re code. Also, cross platform applications are developed using Java programming language (Feigen, 2009). Success Factors and Enablers There are several factors that must be taken into consideration when developing mobile application for a specific business. Following are the range of key success factors and enablers that add more value to the mobile business solution for Coles Supermarket: On a global business level, the customers are segmented in a broader range and thus, the overall interface of the mobile business solution has to be very appealing. This interface, in specific is known as Graphic User Interface, abbreviated as GUI. In addition to the GUI, the User Experience (UX) also has to be very efficient. The fonts, colours and the quality of product images or illustration videos used in the mobile application for Coles Supermarket must be of very high- quality. Also, the images used for each grocery product must be totally relevant to the product description. The overall user experience of using mobile application has to be user friendly from customers perspective. Navigating through the mobile application, adding products to cart and checkout features, and also logging into account etc must be done quickly in a few steps and should not be very time consuming (Saucier and Hylton, 2011). Yet another key success factor and an enabler considered for the development of mobile business solution is the Security. It is quite evident that customers need to log in to their account on their mobile application and input their personal details such as name, email ID, address, contact number and also many applications have the feature of saving credit and / debit card details. Managing these critical information is very important and thus, at the back end of mobile development, security aspects must be given a very high priority in order to avoid major attacks from hackers. We already know that technology is developing at a very fast pace and each technology comes up with updates or upgrades very frequently. It is important to consider the use of latest technological trends in developing a mobile business solution for Coles Supermarket. Also, easy upgrading process to the next update must also be considered in the development of mobile application. Using latest technology makes the mobile application faster, and adds value to the business (Cuadrado and C. Dueas, 2012). Adaptability is yet another important key factor that determines success to the developed mobile business solution for Coles Supermarket. Every business has to undergo certain changes internally as well as externally and these changes can make a major impact on the mobile application. The changes can be including an add on security feature for more levels of security or adding an entire new vertical to the business line. The mobile application must be capable of easily getting adapted to the changes that affect the business line. In other words, flexibility in the design and implementation must be considered in the initial stages of development of mobile business solution (Cuadrado and C. Dueas, 2012). Cost Factors Below is the list of few cost factors that can impact on the overall mobile application development and its maintenance at the back end: Application purpose and the functionality is one of the key cost factors that drive the overall application development budget and also determine the cost of mobile application development. Yet another cost factor that must be considered here is the devices supported and mobile platforms. Since the mobile business solution for Coles Supermarket will be developed to support devices on Android, windows and iOS, it is obvious that the development time is more and also this increases the overall cost of the mobile business solution. It is important to note that each application platform is different, for instance, Android fragmentation can be slightly difficult for developers to understand if the application functions appropriately for every hardware. Making application functionalities universal also determines the overall cost of the mobile application development. Application requires continuous maintenance at the back end including the database management system. There are specific m aintenance plans available for application development and this include the functionalities and features that must be implemented within the mobile app. (Kissman, 2017) Key Components of Mobile Business Solution Following are the key components of a mobile business solution developed for Coles Supermarket: Relevant Devices: In order to run the mobile application successfully, it is important to have a smart phone or a tablet as a device to use the application. Since the application here will be developed for various operating systems (OS), the application can be used on Android, Apple and Windows smart phones and tablets. Having latest OS and upgrade helps the user to get the best experience of using the application as device speed and / or lags determine the user experience (Joch, 2013) Internet connectivity: Without connection to the high speed internet it is not possible to use the mobile application. Wi Fi or device internet connection is a must to use the application on device Back end management: Though the front end users and their experience of using the application matters a lot, there are lot many functionalities that must be carried out at the back end functionality of the mobile application in order to ensure high reliability. Database management, security features and many other functionalities that are carried out at the back end side are also the key components of the mobile business solution for Coles Supermarket (McWherter and Gowell, 2012). Conclusion From the research report conducted on understanding the important aspects of mobile business solution for global businesses, it can be concluded that mobile business solutions have entirely changed the global businesses. There is lot of competition in global marketplace and thus, business organizations are trying to put their maximum efforts to improve their efficiency and also increase their productivity to a greater extent. With an effective and efficient mobile business solution, it is possible for the businesses to connect with their employees easily and also keep in touch with their global clients. There are several technologies and platforms that are used and implemented in various mobile business solutions and depending on these elements, the cost of design and implementation of a mobile business solution varies significantly. Considering the development of a mobile business solution for Coles Supermarket, as discussed in the report, it is important to consider the security as pect as a higher priority as customers link their personal details to the mobile application to shop on the mobile app and also make payments on the mobile application. Mobile business solutions or mobile applications are to be made user friendly and attractive as various researches have shown that customers prefer mobile applications when compared to websites. Also, there is increased performance and mobility due to development of mobile applications for business solutions. Various other factors such as high performance, scalability, reliability and GUI (Graphic User Interface) etc are to be considered when designing and developing a mobile business solution for Coles Supermarket. References Austins, C. (2017). Top 6 Programming Languages for Mobile App Development. [online] dzone.com. Available at: https://dzone.com/articles/top-6-programming-languages-for-mobile-app-develop [Accessed 18 Sep. 2017]. Cuadrado, F. and C. Dueas, J. (2012). Mobile Application Stores: Success Factors, Existing Approaches, and Future Developments. Feigen, B. (2009). Mobile application development. Godwin-Jones, R. (2008). Emerging technologies mobile-computing trends: lighter, faster, smarter. Language Learning Technology, 12(3). Holzer, A. and Ondrus, J. (n.d.). Trends in Mobile Application Development. [online] Available at: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.177.1082rep=rep1type=pdf [Accessed 18 Sep. 2017]. Joch, A. (2013). The Key Components of a Mobile POS Solution. [Blog] Biz Tech. Available at: https://biztechmagazine.com/article/2013/12/key-components-mobile-pos-solution [Accessed 18 Sep. 2017]. Kissman, J. (2017). Mobile App Development Cost: The Top 6 Budget Factors. [online] celerity.com. Available at: https://blog.celerity.com/mobile-app-development-costs-the-top-6-factors [Accessed 18 Sep. 2017]. McWherter, J. and Gowell, S. (2012). Professional mobile application development. Indianapolis, Ind.: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Saucier, M. and Hylton, R. (2011). Top 10 Mobile App SuccessFactors. [online] Transpara.com. Available at: https://transpara.com/blog/2011/10/17/top-10-mobile-app-success-factors.html [Accessed 18 Sep. 2017]. SCAND (EN). (2017). Mobile Application Development Technologies | SCAND Technology. [online] Available at: https://scand.com/technologies/mobile-development/ [Accessed 18 Sep. 2017].

Juan Bolivar Soto Essays (839 words) - Speculative Fiction, Fiction

Juan Bolivar Soto Teacher Budhram Pre-AP World Literature February 2017 New Beginnings Lian Hearn is an Australian author that was captivated by the Japanese culture since she was very young. She was mesmerized by the diverse traditions she had the opportunity to learn when she visited Japan in 1993. In her book, "Across the Nightingale Floor", she utilizes many literal devices through the course of the story to describe the events and illustrate a detailed imaginary picture of the situations taking place for the reader. Surviving a mass murder upon your village is not an easy task, starting all over again? Even harder. In the narrative the main character unravels his fear yet determination to become the new man he had to befit, through grief and sorrow, bravery is shown and ambition to pursue greatness among the Otori and avenge the Murder of his past domain. The story begins with the protagonist Tomasu, later known as Takeo, whom develops heightened senses of hearing and alternate powers after losing his family in a mass murder driven by discrimination by the lord Id a Sadamu. His domain is the most powerful of the 3 clans: Ida, Otori and Noguchi gaining his power through merciless conquest, battles and persecutions. Takeo emotionally unstable, shocked and full of sorrow is saved by Lord Otori whom finds him disoriented in the woods running away from Ida's men whom are pursuing him from causing their lord to fall off his horse, refusing to let go of the fugitive Otori takes Tomasu in giving him the chance to start a new life as a member of the Otori Clan, change his name and beliefs with the opportunity to avenge his family. Lian Hearn, the author of the book, uses imagery to represent the scenery and acute hearing Takeo experiences during the making of his new unraveled self. During the travel to the Hagi Village where the Otori live, they pass through other towns and mountains where Lian describes the scenery through the imagery literary device to appeal to our senses as well as to in detail describe the heightened hearing ability he is able to discover and prove in his stay at each one of the villages. In the story, Takeo is able to hear sounds such as water falling from far away, birds chirping up in the sky, the clapping of wish swimming on the surface of lakes miles away and most accurately the voice of servants and maid's rooms away yet with the same quality as if they were whispering their conversations right onto his ear. The author not only uses imagery but also personification to describe the newly found powers Takeo obtains after his encounter with Lord Ida "The murmur of a stream sounded to me like the voice of the water spirit, and every time a fox barked or an owl hooted I came awake, my pulse racing." This describes Takeo's perception of sounds at night while he tries to sleep but mercilessly failed due to the many sounds he's getting at once. They don't allow him to focus, the smallest of whispers jolts him up, un-allowing him to sleep or take a break. This makes Takeo nervous, for he had never heard of such thing before and didn't want to speak on it so the other would think he's crazy or to disappoint Lord Otori. He already owed him enough and couldn't risk the chance of embarrassing his savior over crazy assumptions, so he kept this to himself and maintained himself alongside Lord Otori, behaving his best making sure he gave his all to achieving everything the Lord wanted or asked from him . Lian Hearn also uses Metaphors to describe the relationship between Takeo and Lord Otori, the character compares the events to that of a Heron searching for his fish "Otori Shigeru was the heron, and I was the little wriggling thing he had scooped up, plunging down the mountain into my world and swooping away again", through this metaphor the character explains how Otori protected him, took him under his wing without asking for anything but appreciation, swooping him away from everything he has ever known into a strange world he has yet to get accustomed to. It

Seasonal and Unseasonable

Seasonal and Unseasonable Seasonal and Unseasonable Seasonal and Unseasonable By Maeve Maddox With all the storms, flooding, and unusually low temperatures in the news, Ive been noticing a proliferation of the word unseasonal. Unseasonal rain may continue Southerners lamenting the loss of summer need to brace for more unsettled and unseasonal weather in the coming days Unseasonal weather and flower production will there be a shortage? Unseasonal spring storms are hitting the South In each of these examples, the weather being described is seen as not being usual for the time of year. The appropriate word in this context is the negative of seasonable, which is unseasonable. seasonable: Occurring at the right season, opportune. Of weather, etc.: Suitable to the time of year. The word seasonal differs in meaning from seasonable. seasonal: Pertaining to or characteristic of the seasons of the year, or some one of them. Things that change with the season are seasonal. One speaks of seasonal occupations, seasonal employment, and seasonal products. Strictly speaking, seasonal does not have a negative form. This unusually cold, wet weather were experiencing in the South this May is unseasonable. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:4 Types of Gerunds and Gerund PhrasesOne Fell Swoop

Family Nurse Practitioner in Primary Care Assignment

Family Nurse Practitioner in Primary Care - Assignment Example The program was widely opposed by physician and nurses and many people from the nursing profession, their objection was regarding the title of the program as they believed that it is something very ambiguous and such training programs in primary care will easily â€Å"control and devour nursing education and practice† (O’Brien, 2003). With the passage of time, primary care programs for nurses have grown and have been classified into different programs: Women Health Nurse Practitioner, Family Nurse Practitioner, Neonatal Nurse Practitioner, Adult Nurse Practitioner, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner, Acute Care Nurse Practitioner, Geriatric Nurse Practitioner and Psych-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. A family nurse practitioner is a registered nurse with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing and Masters of Science in nursing degree. A family nurse practitioner is also a qualified and competent member of the healthcare sector, who is ready to fill a sensitive position of family nurse practitioner in primary care to provide services to meet the demands of the society. Family Nurse Practitioners have proven their efficiencies and effectiveness in providing high quality and cost effective health care services and health care consumers have also sensed the importance and value of a good service. A family nurse practitioner has several roles to choose from as a base for her career. FNP is able to serve the population living in both urban and rural areas such as hospitals, public health departments, physician offices, HMOs, community health centers, nursing homes, home health agencies and student health clinics. FNP is capable of providing them health care in acute illness, high blood press ure, headache, diabetes, chronic illness and obesity (Zerwekh. & Claborn., 2004). After the completion of nursing program/studies, nurses have many choices of roles to choose from as a final field to start practice. For a nurse practitioner,

The Hisory of Investigations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Hisory of Investigations - Research Paper Example This research tells that historical aspect of investigations is widely studied in cultural, social, political, and economic concepts. The recent decades have seen vast numbers of researchers and scholars develop interest and enthusiasm to the study of how investigations are conducted, as well as the rationales for these processes. This includes investigation activities primarily owing to the drastic pace of industrialization, the arising security needs in all phenomenon, the improvements in the technological knowledge, and rampant changes that have taken preeminence in all realms among others. Investigations have been conducted since the beginning of the middle age as a result of knowledge requirements by the early man, who made many historical discoveries. The carrying out of investigations acts as a vital instrument in the provision of a road to essential information discoveries in accordance with its requirements. Moreover, the impacts of investigations conduction include vital in formation retrievement, the realization of various problems that are taken as matters of concern by particular people and at particular periods or seasons as well as providing a rationale for implementing change within various sectors. The context of investigation is quite wide owing to it application in all realms regardless of the kind of operations that are dealt with. Appropriate investigation procedures are those that employ ample methodologies and approaches with an intention of promoting effectiveness and efficiency measures in addition to providing the desired findings.... It is also crucial to provide a presentation of the investigation process conduction by the subjects entrusted with such roles. This will also study factors that influence the need for investigations, its development, and limitations, in addition to the strengths and weaknesses of a public defendant’s office. An overview of the context of investigations The process of studying phenomena in details to enhance comprehension of its course of action entails investigations. The investigation that is conducted in any study field entails efforts of a team, individual searches, or classes of professional groups in certain fields. A wide array of specific studies and subjects are applied in distinct phenomena in order to develop better comprehension of the original requirements. The completion of any kind of investigation entails the interplay of the factors driving to such a study need, the importance of the investigation being conducted, the involved investigators, as well as the sco pe into which the investigations are conducted. The methodologies and processes of conducting the investigations also play a major part in the investigation activities. In addition, evidence of study by investigators include the skin cells or body fluids that are biological like, course dynamics and fingerprints in the study of crimes and other required areas (Husserl and Moran xxix). Investigations require the application of proper formats with the intention of capturing real details in the required field. Different investigators apply distinct investigatory procedures and methodologies in a bid to promote efficiency and effective measures. There are different phenomena in the

Tort law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Tort law - Essay Example This case had to be referred to the Law Commission due to the uncertainties and lack of sufficient material to make judgment about the case. Another similar case was that of Addie v Dunbreck 1929 AC 358. In this case the judge ruled on that the owner of the land must avoid negligently avoid harming the trespassers. This judgment raised the question about duty of care. Because of this case a commission was formed in the UK to investigate this case which later decided that the legislature should come up with the duty of care to be owed to uninvited visitors or trespassers (Mullis, 2011). This proposal was also endorsed by the Pearson commission. The case of White v The council of the City and District of St Albans 1990 was the first case that endorsed this law. In the ruling of this case, the judge ordered that all working and especially construction places be well fenced to a reasonable ground to prevent damage and injury to the trespassers. It is however important to notice that the 1984 ACT has no valid statements which indicate that the duty can be excluded from the occupier. On the other hand there has been suggestions that this is possible especially because since there are no provisions which forbids the exclusion. The 1977 Unfair Contract Terms Act seems to weaken this law since it does not apply to the 1984 Act. The 1957 Act is however supported by the case of Beddeley v Earl Granville 1887 19 QBD 423 which shows that a statutory duty is not under any form of exclusion however no case is law is directly relating to the Act. Strict liability means that a party is imposed with a liability without evidence of committing any offense such as negligence or tort (Alix Adams, 2012). For quite a long time strict liability have been applied to animal cases since animals do not have the right conscious to make decisions (Elliott & Quinn, 2007). The defendant find him/herself imposed with a liability without fault for

Pretend Plays role in childrens cognitive development

Pretend Plays role in childrens cognitive development For many years, researchers have been interested in the implications of pretend play in child development; and whether imagination influences how well children evolve in later life. Presently, pretend play is claimed to contribute exceedingly to a childs social and academic wellbeing, with increased emphasis imposed upon pretend play and its relation to cognitive development. From studies supporting clear links between pretend play and cognitive competence; researchers have proposed numerous theories that have contributed to a better understanding of whether pretend play may be implicated in child development. Accordingly, this essay will argue that pretend play is related to several components of cognitive development; while also proposing that a range of variations across cultures in the types, structures and frequencies of pretend play may exist, with such variations influencing a childs development. Utilizing evidence from a study by Joseph (1998), the relationship between mental representation (theory of mind) and pretence will be reiterated; with additional evidence by Kraft and Beck (1998), Wyver and Spence (1999) and Curran (1999) used to further emphasize that other cognitive strategies such as self-regulation, narrative recall, problem solving and rule understanding are linked to pretend play. Haight, Wang, Fung, Williams Mintzs (1999) study will evidently support the idea that several cross-cultural differences exist in the pretend play of children. Fantasy play or pretend play is defined as simple imitative actions done in a non-functional context (Smith, 2010), involving certain actions, use of objects, verbalizations or meanings. The first phase of pretend play or decent-ration is said to surface at the age of one, when young children begin to use an actor, object or action to symbolize reality (Sigelman Rider, 2009). By the age of two, children begin to join in pretence; initiating imaginary actions, playing with imaginary objects or imitating their parents; a stage known as de-contextualization. Pretend play increases in frequency and sophistication at around two to five years of age, when children incorporate their ability for pretence and their increase in social play to form social pretend play, or play which allows them to interact with peers or caregivers. Later, children show the ability to integrate pretend acts together in order to create a narrative. It is this type of play in particular that requires a high deal of social competence, including the theory of mind or people reading skills (Sigelman Rider, 2009); two theories proposed by some researchers and discussed to some extent in this essay. Engaging in pretend play allows children to construct and develop their theory of mind, hereby understand other peoples perspectives, and overcome egocentrism. This relationship between pretend play and the development of mental representations or Theory of Mind (TOM) was first introduced by Leslie; when it was suggested that children have the capacity for metarepresentation (Leslie, 1987) or multiple mental representations and that pretence aids a childs ability to understand mental states (Leslie, 1987) of self and of others. Recent laboratory studies of theory of mind indicate younger children often show understanding of others thinking and beliefs in their naturally occurring play (Bergen, 2002). Joseph (1998) conducted a series of experiments of 3 and 4 year old children and their understanding of pretend behaviors through their ability to distinguish between an involuntary behavior and the same behavior acted through a pretend action. It was concluded that children aged 4 were able to discriminate the intentionality of the pretend behaviour (Bergen, 2002), and although relatively low, evidence was also found 3 year olds showed an emerging understanding (Joseph, 1998). These findings oppose prior suggestions that children under the age of 5 do not evaluate intent from action-outcomes and do not understand the role of intention in pretend. Focus was also emphasized on understanding of pretend as a mental state and whether this may result in a childs appreciation of pretend as mental representation (Joseph, 1998). While 5 year olds were able to associate the knowledge condition of pretense well, 4 year olds showed little understanding. However, Joseph suggests that 4 year olds were failing the task not because they saw pretend as a strictly behavioural phenomenon because they were associating pretense with a mental state of ignorance (Joseph, 1998). It is important to point out that the relative low performance of 4 year olds in tasks evaluating their unders tanding of pretend, could be an indication of the difficulty, but not the absence in a childs reasoning formally about the logical relations between intention, knowledge and pretend (Joseph, 1998); proposing an underestimation of a childs ability to recognize mental states in previous studies conducted. Importantly, however the study does point out that throughout the experiment children were aware of the characters states of pretending, hereby eliminating them of creating their own determination of pretend; and a possible limitation of this study. Overall, however this study shows that children understand the mental and subjective features of pretence by age of 3 or 4 years (Joseph, 1998) and are able to reason correctly about counterfactual mental representations in the context of pretend play before they are able to do so in the context of belief (Joseph, 1998), hereby supporting the relationship that pretend play contributes to the development of the theory of mind and therefore to cognitive development. Following in the footsteps of Lev Vygotsky, who proposed the young infants use speech as a way of regulating their behavior, it has also been suggested that pretend play aids a childs higher cognitive functions, including self- regulation and narrative recall. Expanding on this theory of the use of speech to regulate behavior, mainly through internal thought; Krafft and Beck (1998) conducted an experiment in order to compare the use of private speech in children of preschool age attending play based programs. It was concluded that speech did occur predominantly during the program; specifically during pretend play. They suggested that for preschool children make-believe play serves as a vital context for the development of self-regulation (Krafft and Beck, 1998). Furthermore, the study proposed that pretence within a social setting, which allows children to determine task goals and carry them out (Bergen, 2002); gives children an opportunity to practice and use self-regulating speech compared to play environments which are guided by prior goals or adult direction. Similarly, in a study conducted to examine cognitive change and pretend play, Kim (1999) tested 4 and 5 year old children on their ability to understand narrative structures; by way of reenactment of stories to condition using storytelling. It was found that children in the pretend play condition use more elaborative narratives and had higher levels of narrative structures (Kim, 1999). Additionally, children showed relatively higher rates of narrative recall in the pretend enactment and even at a later time when asked to retell the story. This strong evidence between self-regulation and narrative recall and pretend play suggests a clear link that pretend play does enhance cognitive development; as it was proven that speech was highly correlated with pretend play and that children who engage in pretend play create more complex narrative stories and prove to have a higher rate of narrative recall even at a later stage. Similarly, additional studies have been conducted to further elaborate the effect of play, specifically socio-dramatic pretend play on problem solving and rule understanding. In order to detect this relationship, Wyver and Spence (1999) compared two types of problem solving to numerous categories of play. It was concluded that there seems to be a reciprocal, rather than unidirectional relationship between problem solving and pretend play, with co-operative social play having a more general influence on divergent problem solving and thematic play having a more specific influence on semantic problem solving (Bergen, 2002). Similarly, Curran (1999) conducted an observational study of 3- 5 year old children engaging in social pretence. It was discovered that children could use explicit rules to engage in fair pretend play; while also suggesting that while children construct implicit rules, these rules were harder for them to act out. Curran (1999) found that while play stopped if rules w ere broken when explicit rules were used; the children stopped playing altogether. Interestingly enough, under another condition, children gradually learned the rules if they were foreign to them, while the more experienced children also aided those who were inexperienced in order to keep the play ongoing. Therefore it can be suggested the development of implicit rules, in particular, requires both divergent thinking and comprehension of rules structure (Bergen, 2002), two skills important for later school success. While not extensive, this evidence does point to both definitive and precise ways in which pretence play may aid higher-level aspects of cognition, allowing a child who engage in pretence to develop rule understanding and higher levels of problem solving skills; two clear indications of cognitive development. Pretend play has been studied in several cultures, with aspects of childrens play and cultural differences being the focus; while also emphasizing the assumption that pretend play and development of children is not universally distributed. Much of this research suggests that, although play is often regarded as universal, many researchers propose play to be a culturally mediated activity that may take different forms in different groups (Haight, Wang, Fung, Williams Mintz, 1999). In fact it has been proposed that the physical and social characteristics of environments; such as setting, props, time, individuals around the child and the beliefs of pretend play by adult figures influence development. Using longitudinal data of Irish American families in the United States and Chinese families in Taiwan, Haight et al. (1999) proposed universal, culturally variable, and development dimensions of young childrens pretend play(Haight et al., 1999), arguing several universal dimensions may exi st, but that numerous differences are also evident . It was pinpointed that both Chinese and Irish children used objects in their pretend play, much in conjunction to the theory that for toddlers, objects may facilitate the transition from the literal to non-literal world (Haight et al., 1999), suggesting that for the child to imagine something the child must first define the action. The study also proposed that the act of pretend play in children is fundamentally a social activity as it was found that in other cultural communities, pretend play was primarily a social activity embedded within interactions with family members and friends (Haight et al., 1999). Contrastingly, the study proposed that interpersonal context of pretend play varied amongst the two groups; with the Chinese children pretending more with their caregivers, while the Irish American children were found to pretend considerably more with other children. Variations in the amount of social play is said to exist; as compared to Irish American children, a greater amount of pretend play by the Chinese children was social. However, Irish American children frequently engaged in multiparty pretending in groups of three or more players, often including slightly older children (Haight et al., 1999). Additionally, conduction of caregiver-child play, function of caregiver initiations and centrality of themes vary significantly across cultures. Haight et al., (1999) found that caregiver pretend play in Irish American families was conducted by children, while the opposite applied to the other group. The study also suggests that Chinese caregivers initiations more often functioned as way to practice proper conduct (Haight et al., 1999) and points out that toys around Western children appeared to be toys from childrens movies, suggesting that greater emphasis is placed on fantasy themes. Finally, the study proposed that centrality of objects, particularly toys varied significantly; suggesting Irish American caregivers purchased many objects for childrens pretending, and the majority of childrens pretend play time revolved around toy miniatures (Haight et al., 1999). Chinese children did not exhibit any play with objects, and seemed to rely on shared knowledge of social routines to guide their joint play. Much of the current research on pretend play does not account for variations of culture and do not take into account how such variations play a part over life course development. It is possible that in order to construct a valid theory, research should focus on the relationship between a set of complex ecological and ideological factors and their effect on pretend play (Haight et al., 1999) in multiple cultures or communities, an aspect not focused on in this study. It is clear that universal and variable dimensions of pretend play in certain communities do exist. It can be concluded that such variations may have the ability to create specific and unique development pathways, possibly influencing a childs various aspects of social, emotional and cognitive development, such as theory of mind and higher cognitive strategies, such as rule understanding or later problem solving skills. There has been a growing body of evidence supporting the relationships between cognitive competence and pretend play, as well as the concept of pretend play and its variations across cultures. Pretend play has been positively linked to a childs ability to develop a theory of mind, self-regulation, narrative recall, problem solving and rule understanding. Additionally, variations of pretend play across cultures have been revealed, with a possibility for variable dimensions creating distinctive pathways in play and development itself. It can be suggested, that while current research, based on small scale studies seems insignificant at present, it is fundamentally important for society to continue implementation of pretend experiences in young children; while also implementing further research on the relationship of play and cognition during childhood; as it can been seen from the evidence above that this stage of life has proven to be important and crucial in overall development.

Essay Comparing Beowulf and A Knights Tale :: comparison compare contrast essays

Comparing Beowulf and A Knight's Tale In the stories of Beowulf and A Knight's Tale, there are many different themes. One of the major themes is the religion that runs through both of them, yet both stories have a very different view of religion. In Beowulf, it seems as if God has chosen where our life will end and where it will begin, everything happens by the will of God in a fair and just way. In The Knight's Tale, we see Greek gods playing with the characters and when they "play" with them, there is no real pattern to how they choose things. Each vies is different and this affects the stories in different ways. Beowulf has multiple references to God and how God chooses what happens in his life. For example on the very first page of the story (Beowulf, 27) we see that God saw the need for a king so he sent a king to the Danes. This shows us that God is able to see his people and in a fair and just way he sends them a much needed king. Later on, we see how God punishes those who go against his will. On page 29 we read that Grendel is from Cain. For the eternal Lord avenged the killing of Abel. He took no delight in that feud, but banished Cain from humanity because of his crime. From Cain were hatched all evil progenies: ogres, hobgoblins, and monsters, not to mention the giants who fought so long against God - for which they suffered due retribution. (Beowulf, 29) This shows that for Cain's sin of killing Abel, he receives a just punishment not only to him but also to his "offspring." Also in Beowulf, God decides when people will die in advance. This is shown many times by Beowulf himself. For example, every time Beowulf is faced with a major battle, he always goes in with the faith that if it is God's will, he will be brought out alive. Also, God must give him the victory because he cannot win it by himself. "Tonight we will do without weapons ... God in His wisdom must allot the victory as He thinks fit.

An account of the change in power between Kingshaw and Hooper in chapter eight Essay

Throughout the book up till chapter eight we have come across many battles between Hooper and Kingshaw. One of the battles the boys have is one which is who gains the power over the other. So in this chapter I will be analysing every element where either Kingshaw or Hooper wins the power over the other. Hooper is the first to accumulate the power because he makes out that he has a father who dearly loves him and that he would buy anything for him and Kingshaw knows that his mother doesn’t feel the same about him. He also makes himself to be more knowledgeable than Kingshaw because he wins the discussion on the prices of watches can be more than fifty pounds but Kingshaw does not believe a watch can cost more than fifty pounds. The next discussion though Kingshaw wins as he demonstrates his understanding on nature to prove that smoke kills midge bites and it is not the fire that makes the midges depart. Kingshaw wins control as he picks up a long wide stick thinking to hit Hooper but he resists since Hooper said, â€Å"You’d better try and not hit me†, after his eyes had widened after Kingshaw had picked up the stick. This shows that Hooper was frightened of Kingshaw and felt vulnerable other wise he wouldn’t have said such a comment. Hooper though fights back and wins control of the power as he irritates Kingshaw by saying that, â€Å"Has your mother gone after a lot of people† and following on from that comment he says â€Å"That’s why you came here. You didn’t come think it was anything else, did you? She wants to be married to my father. He’s rich†. Kingshaw is furious by the comments Hooper makes and he wishes that he had hit Hooper with the stick he had picked up earlier. Kingshaw can hardly defend the comments and can only come up with a feeble remark of, † Liar, liar, liar. Your father isn’t anything, she doesn’t even like you father. She hates him.† Hooper continues to frustrate Hooper by making many statements about why his mother wants to be married with his father. Hooper is now firmly in control and Kingshaw feels now hatred for his mother and he blames his fathers death for having to move around peoples houses and not having enough money. Kingshaw regains power after Hooper is having nightmares and he is whimpering in his sleep and talking about his mother. Kingshaw try’s to wake Hooper by quietly speaking to Hooper but because Hooper continued to sob, Kingshaw hits Hooper across the face with the palm of his hand, this causes Hooper to awaken though he was oblivious to the fact that he had been hit by Kingshaw. This scenario enables Kingshaw to have control, as Hooper is vulnerable because he is whimpering and he stated his head is hurting. Kingshaw continues to build his power as Hooper later pleads with him not to leave him alone and go away to look for the way out. Hooper is shown as frightened individual. He uses lines such as, â€Å"You’re not to go away and leave me.† To plead with Kingshaw. Later though Kingshaw succumbed all the power he had built up as he says to Hooper, â€Å"I wouldn’t have really hit you†, and also â€Å"look you needn’t worry, Hooper, we’ve both got to stay here till they come for us†. These two lines by Kingshaw let Hooper have all the power and Hooper ends the chapter with the power as he began it.

Suspense In Julius Caesar Essays - Ancient Rome, 1st Millennium BC

Suspense In Julius Caesar Essays - Ancient Rome, 1st Millennium BC Suspense In Julius Caesar Shakespeares Methods of Suspense In Julius Caesar Shakespeare used many techniques to build suspense in Julius Caesar, but the two events that moved the story the most, the siloqueys by Brutus and the other conspirators and Caesars wifes dream, created the suspense up until Caesars assassination. When the reader reads Brutus siloquey, they feel on edge for the first time. This is a turning point in the story and the reader ponders if Brutus will join the conspirators. When he begins his speech with It must be his death.(Act 2 Scene 1 Pg 49 Line 10) the reader becomes overwhelmed with shock. Since Brutus was one of the most honorable senators, the fact that he would go against his friend generates a sudden urgency in the play. After reading that Brutus deems Caesar as a serpents egg, which hatched would, as his kind, grow mischievous. [We] should kill him in the shell. the reader is anxious that Caesar will be killed shortly (Act 2 Scene 1 Pg 51 Lines 33-36). Since Brutus speech occurred at his house, in private, Caesar remains total ly unaware of Brutus plan, causing the reader to scream in agony of the dramatic irony they've just read. Fortunately for Caesar, his wife has a vision of the coming days events. Calphurnia has a dream that Caesar will be murdered the next day. During Calphurnias dream of Caesars death, the reader gets a feeling of the tension inside the story. Caphurinas dream, one of death and mayhem, and so vivid and graphic it causes her to scream out Help ho, they murder Caesar! three times. (Act 2 Scene Pg. 75 Lines 1-3) Caesar tells Decius Brutus later She dreamt tonight that she saw my statue, which, like a fountain with a hundred spouts, did run pure blood; and many lusty Romans came smiling and did bathe their hands in it. And these does she apply for warnings and portents and evils imminent, and on her knee hath begged that I will stay at home today. (Act 2 Scene 2 Pg 81 lines 81-87) Caesar truly believes that the truth of the vision and the reader believes that he will stay at home. Unfo rtunately, the man Caesar told his dream to happens to be aligned with Brutus. He convinces Caesar that This is all amiss interpreted (Act Scene 2 Pg 81 Line 88). The reader feels the suspense because they know Caesar has just taken the bait and the conspiritors are waiting to reel him in. In conclusion, Shakespeare created such suspense using the foreshadowing by Calphurnia and the siloquey by Brutus that the reader felt an immeasurable amount of emotions that only the great playwright could ensue. Bibliography Julius Caesar William Shakespeare

Why People Commit Crime Essays

Why People Commit Crime Essays Why People Commit Crime Paper Why People Commit Crime Paper Question 3: People committed crime because of many reasons. From your own point of view, give three (3) reasons why people commit crimes? A crime is an illegal action or activity for which a person can be punished by law. Some people define crime as an act of offence towards the morality of humans. Others might regard crime as an act that harms the universal human rights. Therefore, why do people still commit crimes? There are many reasons why people commit crimes. Some crimes were committed because of hunger, need money, hatred and anger. Meanwhile, the example of crime is robbed, kidnap, burglary, steal and other. The most serious crime is killing another person although their beloved one or their family. Crime is not known about the love and sympathy towards the victim. The first reason is people commit crimes because of their hunger. They steal the food from stall and also from market to fulfill their stomach. This is because they don’t have enough money to buy it. And also the price of food is expensive. For example, the price for one piece of chicken is RM2. 50. The price had burden for certain people. So, they commit to do crimes as their stomach full and not hunger again. Usually, a poor parents steal the food for their children to make them silent crying from hunger. Move on to the next point, the other reason why people commit crimes because of the money. All people need money for survive their life. Nowadays, people just only see who only had money and they will ignore about the people that under privileged. Otherwise, people need money because they want to pay the debt. Also they need in fast time and don’t know where to get it. So, they will rob at the bank and the luxurious house. Sometimes, it can be a serious crime when they kill the owner of a house or the employee at the bank. They do not care about the victim as they get the money. Moreover, the drugs addict that kill their blood family for buy drug. Last but not least, people commit crimes because of their anger and hatred. It also can be called as their selfish reason. This happen when the one person doing something out of control to other person. For example, the current issues at school like bullying. So, the bullying victim will revenge to the person that had bullying him/her. This may make serious crime like killing someone or beat their organ until paralyzed for the rest of life. As a conclusion, people commit crime because of their self. They need to control their emotion and know what they do is a wrong way and not good for their next generation. In addition, it gives bad influence and the crimes cannot be banned again. So, the government must play their best role to give the punishment to the criminal like a death penalty for the drugs addict and serious crimes. The reason why people commit crime because of their hunger, need money, anger and hatred can be solve if each of people give the best commitment and not to selfish. (505 words)

Cabeza de Vaca and his Encounter with the Indian Tribes Research Paper

Cabeza de Vaca and his Encounter with the Indian Tribes - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that the journey and expedition of Governor Pamfilo de Narvaez, followed by around 600 men and five ships along with the officers including Cabeza de Vaca , the Treasurer and alguacil mayor, Alonso Enriquez, the Comptroller, Alonso de Solis, Quartermaster to Your Majesty and Inspector, Juan Suarez, a Franciscan Friar, Commissary and four more friars for capturing and ruling over the provinces beginning from the River of Palms to the cape of Florida is amazing. The incidents that were encountered during this harrowing expedition have been presented by Cabeza de Vaca in this book called The Journey and Ordeal of Cabeza de Vaca. His account of this terrible journey of the southwest part of America certainly leaves us with a feeling trepidation on the one hand and astonishment on the other. The lifestyles of the Indians clearly reflected their ability to survive against the odds and tame their environment.  During their first phase of the jou rney, from Spain through Cuba to Tampa Bay, the Governor, decided to move further, into inland areas despite the opposition of Cabeza de Vaca that segregated them from their supporting vessels and left them in miserable conditions without sufficient food and water. However, this is the first time that the fleet confronted the attack of the Indian tribes. During their second voyage that took them to the coast of Texas, the inhabitants in this area were primarily Karankawa Indians. In fact, the survivors and Cabeza de Vaca were the first non-Indians known to hit this coast. The hostile attitude of these Indian tribes towards the foreigners and enslaving Cabeza shows their struggle for survival. Broadly speaking, the Indians were in a constant state of warfare with their environment and knew little about life on the other part of the globe. The only thing that characterized the Indian tribes included their aggression and toughness which can be accounted to the antagonistic environment in which they lived. In one of the instances, Cabeza has stated that â€Å"they were bidding us go†, (31).

Measurement, appreciation, and knowledge are key terms in James's The Essay

Measurement, appreciation, and knowledge are key terms in James's The Beast in the Jungle. How do these w - Essay Example Even when May, on her deathbed told him had the beast had already struck him, he could not make out what the beast was. He had failed to appreciate the importance of May in his life and did not reciprocate her affection. It was only after her death that he gained knowledge of his fate that he was the only man in the world to whom nothing had ever happened. He realized that he had been wasting his life and the doom that had befallen him was actually the loneliness which he had earned because of his futile anticipations of the unknown beast. Marcher failed to measure the vastness of life and never appreciated its significance. He had wasted his life as he always waited for some extraordinary thing to happen to him while not yearning for any. Had he appreciated the value of his life, he would have been a happy man without having regret as his final abode (James). Works Cited James, Henry. The Beast in the Jungle. CreateSpace, 2011.Print.

Introduction to child development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Introduction to child development - Essay Example The first child that I observed was a boy. The boy was aged 8 years, and he lived in a suburban area. The family lived in an apartment, which had a spacious compound used for play and various outdoor activities. The observation took around 10 minutes, and it entailed checking how the child played with his peers and parents. In the first three minutes, the boy was grossly engaged in role-play. In this instance, the boy was pretending to be a pirate who had captured a ship containing treasure loot. The boy together with his friends had turned the table upside-down to be used as the ship. In order to make the event more realistic, he wore costumes that represented a pirate. The ship was captured and all the treasure loot taken by the pirate. After the pirate had taken the loot, he sank the ship using bombshells. The children made the sound of the bombs and the pirate was chanting victory songs. The children in the â€Å"captured ship† fell down to symbolize the capsizing of the bombed ship. The â€Å"pirate† was seen to be very happy after a successful mission. However, a few seconds later, government authorities appeared and arrested the pirate for causing havoc to sea-travellers. Immediately, the mood of the pirate changed to sadness to illustrate the loss of the treasure loot. In the next three minutes, the boy in a group of others began playing dance revolution. In this game, the boys competed against each other for who could dance better. Each boy was given thirty seconds to show his skills. A popular song was played, and each boy was supposed to dance to the tune of the song. Though sophisticated, each child was seen to be enjoying what was happening. The winner of the event was given a dummy cup. The boy isolated himself from the group designing a house using sticks and pieces of paper. The manner in which the boy designed the house was amazing. He created the blueprint and began putting the sticks in their right place. However, the boy left what he was doing immediately and went to the backyard. In the last two minutes, the boy went to play with his parent (father). The father of the boy was painting a picture in the backyard. The child took his drawing book and crayons and began imitating what the father was doing. It is evident from the observation that the child was particularly keen to what the father was doing. The ease of use of the crayons on the drawing book indicated a considerable growth of the child in terms of fine motor skills. From the observations, it seemed that the child was very comfortable both when playing alone and with others. In all the plays, the boy showed some level of sophistication in the way he played and interacted with the group and his father . The second child was a girl aged six years. The girl also lived in a suburban area and just like the first child; they lived in an apartment that possessed a spacious compound. Like in the first case, the girl was observed for close to ten minutes and it involved checking how the girl played, that is, alone and with others. The girl child was deeply involved in playing with her doll. For a better part of the observation time, the girl remained in one place. At the first, the girl was seen bathing the doll. It is important to state that the girl even checked the temperature of the bath water to see if it was optimal for bathing the doll. Immediately after bath, the girl combed the hair of the doll and made small braids on the doll’s head. Though the braids were not very good, the girl showed some level of skill probably acquired from the parent. The doll was dressed in neat clothes, and it was placed on its beds. After a minute, the girl picked the doll and began cooing the child as if it was crying. After the â€Å"supposed child† had slept, the girl was seen making some food for either her or the doll. At this stage, the girl went to pick something (ice cream) from the kitchen. The girl picked the

Rugby player Essay Example for Free

Rugby player Essay I will be using circuit training as my method of exercise. I feel that this type of training will give me best results on the areas of fitness I want to improve. Because circuit training has different stations, different aspects of fitness can be worked on e. g. one station could be weight lifting, improving muscular strength, and another could be an agility run. This way I can work on different aspects of my fitness in one session. Also the type of exercising I will be doing is perfect for what I am trying to achieve. I can change the level of work load very easily with circuit training, because I am not following to a specific program. I will constantly change the amount of work and the intensity I will do, so I keep improving. I play a lot of rugby and in the last year I have moved up from under 16s to Colts, which is under 17s, 18s and 19s. The jump in age has been quite a shock, not only am I trying to keep my position as outside centre, the opposition are nearly twice the size of me! Last year I was considered one of the quickest and fairly strong and powerful, now that Im playing against 19 year olds; my advantage doesnt seem as great anymore. I feel that if I were to increase my strength and agility a bit then the gap between me and the opposition would be smaller, or in some cases be to my advantage. Another issue is safety; I weigh 12 stone and I am six foot, some opposition are six foot six and weigh 16 stone! I havent got that amount of strength to handle that amount of weight, especially in a game like rugby. So increasing my strength will hopefully make the game a bit safer for me, increasing endurance will mean I can perform longer, and increasing my agility would hopefully mean that I dont get tackled as much! My program will hopefully reduce my chances of getting injured, however I need to be safe and not injury myself whilst performing my program. That is why it is very important to warm up well before I actually start training. The benefits of a thorough warm-up are: My warm up will consist of a light jog around the gym for about 3 minutes, to loosen my muscles and start to get blood pumping quicker around my body. I will then perform a series of stretches on my legs, working up my body systematically. When stretching I will hold the stretch for at least 10-15 seconds, it is also important not to bounce when stretching as this can cause muscle tear. The stretches are as follow: I have chosen to do this particular warm-up as I feel that it will be sufficient, and it isnt very time consuming. After I have performed my training, I will do the same routine as the warm-up for a cool-down. The benefits of a cool down are that it helps to remove any excess lactic acid present in the blood. Lactic acid is produced in anaerobic exercise, and causes your muscles to stiffen after youve finished exercising. A cool-down brings more oxygen into the blood, so that the lactic acid can be removed quicker. Another safety issue is the equipment and how it is setup. I have been shown how to setup equipment properly. I have chosen to use simple equipment, so I can perform the program at home as well as at school. By using lighter weights, but heavy enough to be overloading, will reduce the chances of damaging my muscles or tendons. The only trouble with using lighter weights is that it works on muscular endurance rather than strength. Weight lifters lift weights so heavy that they can only do about 5 reps before having to stop. If I were to lift such a weight (in comparison to more body size) I would be very liable to injuring myself, because Im not yet fully grown. I will lift weights so I can perform about 15 reps, this I think will be working both endurance and strength. Men are stronger than women and there build allows them to train harder, so a woman would use even lighter weights. There are many ways in which people can train to improve their fitness. I will be using the principles of training- F. I. T. T and P. R. O. S to get the most out of my program. Frequency I will try to perform 2-3 sessions a week, I dont have much time to spare but that is why I chose a circuit that I can perform at home without the need of any special equipment. Intensity How hard I should work when exercising. This is the most variable aspect of training. One session you can work really hard and get a lot out of it, but you can also do the exact same thing and not work as hard and get nothing from it. I will work at an intensity that I feel I will be able to last two laps, and feel as if I have worked hard. Time This relates to the amount of time you spend doing an activity. This is quite important because if I wanted to work on my anaerobic system, then time monitoring would be essential. This will be the variable I will be changing if I feel I need to overload more.

Designing a Driving Instructor Robot Essay -- Robotics

Driver-Bot Paper Introduction/Overall Project Description The idea for the Driver-Bot came from a simple discussion about driver’s education. Driver’s training and education are big events for young adults, but sometimes learning to drive from a parent or from an online course can be too stressful. The Driver-Bot was born from a need to invent a new way to teach driving. Unlike online courses, the Driver-Bot gives a better and more realistic physical representation of driving. However, modern simulators can actually placed drivers in situations, forcing to react to virtual situations. The Driver-Bot was designed to be cheaper than these simulators. This project is just a smaller scale of the actual project idea. This primitive Driver-Bot is only able to do a few of the daily tasks that all drivers face. It can sense other cars, change lanes, turn left or right, stop, and park. With the use of electrical tape, the Driver-Bot has been programmed to react accordingly. Background Information The project is in no way the only new innovative way to teach driving, and it is not the first to use programming to drive autonomously. Today, many are taught through computers and simulators, learning to drive cars, trucks, or even tanks. Scientists and researchers are also taking technology further, programming cars to drive on their own. These cars are aptly titled â€Å"smart cars.† Modern Ways to Teach Driving The invention of the automobile brought not only an efficient way to travel but also a new set of problems in the early twentieth century. The automobile was considered to be a dangerous invention, meant for adventures not daily life. â€Å"Several California counties passed ordinances requiring motorists to pull to the s... ... Works Cited â€Å"DMV History.† 2005. Accessed July 25th, 2006 from http://www.dui.com/states/california/dui_library/dmv_history.html. â€Å"Driving Simulator.† 24 July 2006. Accessed July 24th, 2006 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driving_simulator. Kanellos, Michael. â€Å"Grateful for Army Robot Contest, Entrants give Tanks.† October 30, 2003. Accessed 24 July 2006 from http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9584_22-5100315.html. Leavitt, Wendy. â€Å"21st Century Driver Training.† 1 January 2006. Accessed July 24th, 2006 from http://fleetowner.com/information_technology/feature/fleet_st_century_driver/index.html . â€Å"Smart Cars.† Accessed 24 July 2006 from http://nicta.com/au/director/research/programs/asst/research_activities/smartcars.cfm. Voss, Georgina. â€Å"Smart Cars to Rule the Roads.† Accessed 24 July 2006 from http://www.upi.com/Hi-Tech/view.php?StoryID=20060712-095418-3540r.

Handling of information in social care settings Essay

1.1 Identify the legislation that relates to the recording, storage and sharing of information in social care. The Data Protection Act 1998 controls how your personal information is used by organisations, businesses and the government. Everyone responsible for using data or storing data has to follow strict rules called ‘Data protection principles’ these are as follows: Used fairly and lawfully used for specifically stated purposes kept for no longer than is absolutely necessary kept safe and secure Not transferred outside the UK without adequate protection For more sensitive information such as ethnic background, political opinions, religious beliefs, health, sexual health and criminal records there is stronger legal protection. The Freedom of information act 2000 provides public access to information held by public authorities. Public authorities are obliged to publish certain information about the activities and members of the public are entitled to request information from public authorities. The Act covers any recorded information that is held by a public authority in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and by UK-wide public authorities based in Scotland. Information held by Scottish public authorities is covered by Scotland’s own Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002. Public Authorities include Government departments, local authorities, the NHS, state schools and the police force. Recorded information includes printed documents, computer files, letters, emails, photographs, and sound or video  recordings. The Act does not give people access to their own personal data such as their health records or credit reference file. If a member of the public wants to see information that a public authority holds about them, they should make a subject access request under the Data Protection Act 1998. 1.2 Explain why it is important to have secure systems for recording and storing information in a social care setting. The various Acts of Parliament that relate to the handling, storing and sharing of information include amongst others The Data Protection Act 1998, Mental Capacity Act 2005, Human Rights Act 1998, Crime and Disorder Act 1998 and Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998. It is important to have secure system for recording and storing information in a health and social care setting as all information relating to clients must be kept confidential at all times except when we are legally required to disclose this information, for example, when a court warrant has been issued requesting certain information. Information on Care Home clients and in house information is valuable and critical to the business of the Home. We all rely on information to store and process information, so it is essential that we maintain Information Security, Insecure information can lead to: †¢ Violation of an individual’s human and civil rights; action or deliberate inaction that results in neglect and/or physical, sexual, emotional or financial harm. Abuse can be perpetrated by one or more people (either known or not known to the victim) or can take the form of institutional abuse within an organisation; it can be a single or a repeated act. †¢ The extent to which people are able to receive the information, services or care they need and are not discouraged from seeking help. Issues involved include distance of travel; physical access (e.g. premises suitable for wheelchairs); communication (e.g. information in Braille/large print and other formats); and the provision of culturally appropriate services. Outcome 2 know how to access support for handling information in social care settings. 2.1 Describe how to access guidance, information and advice about handling information. There are many ways to access guidance and information, and advice on handling information, the first people you would speak to are your managers, seniors, office staff and work colleges, they will know where information is kept, how to access that information and how to input information in the future. They will also be able to tell you what sort of information is confidential, what information can be shared and how to do this in a professional manner. You will also be able to find out all this by using the internet reading up in books and attending more training. 2.2 Explain what actions to take when there are concerns over the recording, storing or sharing of information. Information recorded in a patient’s records is confidential under both common law and the Data Protection Act 1998, and must be protected by health and social care staff. Systems for the safe storage of records must be in place, and no†one should have access to the records or the information contained therein unless they are directly involved in the care of the client, or the client has given permission. Under the Data Protection Act clients can have access to their records, subject to a situation where disclosure is likely to cause serious harm to the physical or mental health or condition of the client or any other person. If you find out any activities that are harmful to the client, staff or the home itself you must report these, some examples are. Illegal activities Miscarriages of justice Risks to health and safety Abuse of clients Misuse of public funds Fraud and corruption Damage to the environment Public Disclosure Act. The Public Interest Disclosure Act provides workers with protection from dismissal or other damage as a result of making a disclosure of information in the public interest about wrongdoing at work. Such disclosures are protected if they are done according to the Act’s provisions. Disclosures may be made to the employer, prescribed regulatory bodies or on a wider basis to the Police. The Act’s protection is strongest where workers raise matters with their employers.

Earthquake located on the San Andreas Fault line Essay

An Earthquake that registered 7.8 on the Richter Scale which lasted approximately 1 minute caused catastrophic damage to the City of Berkeley and LPHG. As a result of the Earthquake 31 employees perished including 1 as a result of the H1Z1 virus which had an outbreak in the wake of the catastrophe. The damage and loss of life has caused significant delays to the release of LPHG’s release of EFHG. DRP Documents: (e.g., disaster  recovery plan, backup plans etc.) Include specific details about the documents, including completeness. The Disaster Preparedness plan was not written as thoroughly as possible and left little direction to the disaster recovery team. it was missing major information, such as a list of critical services, Employee contact information and vendor contact information. see more:summary of san andreas movie The Business Impact analysis for this type of scenario or any disaster was never completed so there was little information to help the disaster preparedness team as far as how this disaster will impact the organizations operations. The Backup Policy was written thoroughly and included information on the backup schedule and storage locations. It also listed the backup methods used and the length of time full backups were kept for. The document also included instructions to restore data from both differential and full backups, but did not address what to do in a disaster scenario such as this. Lastly, the document does not address data storage at an offsite location, which would be beneficial if the whole campus is lost during an emergency. Post-Disaster Response Summary: Because the DRP was not completed properly there was not enough information available to employees, and they were not able to respond properly. They had to find employees names and addresses on their own since this information was missing from the DRP. Since no Business Impact analysis was done for this type of situation there was no relevant information available to help the DR team members through this specific situation. One bright spot is that they organizations data has been protected. Strengths of Disaster Response EVALUATION Strength #1: Strength Details: Summary of Strength: The Backup plan was set up and in place and data was protected and stored in multiple locations to ensure its safety. Additionally, the data retention policy made sure that full backups were kept for a period of at least 2 weeks and that differential backups were used in addition to full backups.  Contributing Factors: Plans There was a data backup plan in place Policies Policies were clearly outlined in the Backup and Recovery Policy document, and were being followed Documents The Backup and Recovery Policy was able to provide enough documentation to explain procedures for backing up data. Positive Consequences: Because the Policy was in place and was being followed, the Organization was able to retain all of its data through this disaster. once normal operations resume that data can be restored. Ways to Improve: The locations of data storage should be revised to allow for an offsite storage location. currently both data storage locations are located on campus. At least one of these locations needs to be changed to an offsite location to allow for greater chance of data retention in case a disaster strikes that wipes out the whole campus. Strength #2: Strength Details: Summary of Strength: Data recovery plan was written and procedures were in place to restore data in case of emergency. Since this was prepared the organization can restore operations successfully and resume work when normal operations begin again Contributing Factors: Plans Data restoration plan was written and in place Policies Policies were clearly defined in Backup and recovery policy document. Documents Backup and Recovery document provides clear instructions to follow in case of emergency and outlines step by step process to restore data Positive Consequences: Since the Backup and recovery document was in place and provided clear instructions this allows for a quicker recovery time to restore data once normal operations resume. Ways to Improve: The Data recovery document should be refined to include the priority of data restoration when all business functions have been compromised Strength #3: Strength Details: Summary of Strength: Disaster Recovery team had previously prepared Disaster preparedness plan, a Backup and Recovery Policy, and a Business Impact Assessment. Contributing Factors: Plans Having these plans in place give the Disaster Recovery team the instructions they need when disaster strikes Policies There were policies in place for the Disaster Recovery team to follow these documents Documents Documents were readily available and helped provide basic guidance to Disaster recovery Team Positive Consequences: Having the documentation available helped the Disaster Recovery team kick off the process to restore the organization to operational status. Ways to Improve: These documents need to be thoroughly reviewed after the organization is restored to operational status. When they are reviewed they need to be more thoroughly filled out and include any lessons learned from the current disaster. Areas for Improvement of Disaster Response EVALUATION Area for Improvement #1: Area for Improvement Details: Summary of Area for Improvement: Documentation needs to be improved and completed. The Documentation that existed, though helpful did not provide any comprehensive guidance to the disaster recovery team. Contributing Factors: Plans The Disaster Preparedness plan and the Business Impact analysis were not completed properly. Policies Policies for developing proper disaster recovery documentation were not in place and as a result the documentation to support it was not correctly done Documents Disaster recovery documentation was not complete and did not give employees enough information to used during the disaster recovery process Consequences: There are multiple scenarios that can be created from the lack of preparedness. At the very least the lack of documentation and foresight into planning can cause a delay in the recovery process for the organization. On the more extreme side this can put the organization out of business because the organization can take an extraordinary amount of time to return to normal operating conditions Ways to Improve: Review existing documentation and ensure that is it done completely. This is an incredibly important and clearly necessary approach. Additional documentation will have to be created in order to assist the Emergency Response team in the future. Area for Improvement #2: Area for Improvement Details: Summary of Area for Improvement: Data storage and Business Continuity plan did not identify the need for an off campus site to store data backups and allow for restoration of IT services in case of emergency Contributing Factors: Plans A plan needs to be developed that involves identifying an off campus site in case of emergency Policies Policies will need to be created to identify when an alternate site is needed to be used and how to go about restoring services from that site. Documents Documentation will have to be written to support proper procedure for bringing alternate site up during emergency situations. Consequences: Without an off campus secondary site, the organization runs the risk of total destruction should an emergency happen that destroys or compromises the main campus. Ways to Improve: A secondary site with proper equipment that is far enough away from main campus could enable the organization to continue operations even if the main campus is compromised. Area for Improvement #3: Area for Improvement Details: Summary of Area for Improvement: There is no process in place to validate and review the various documents for the Disaster Recovery Plan. Additionally no Disaster response teams have been identified to review and execute these plans when needed. Contributing Factors: Plans All Disaster Recovery documentation should be completed and review periodically. A process to validate and test the plan should be put into place. Policies Policies and procedures should be created to ensure that documentation is completed and reviewed Documents All documents involving Disaster Recovery need to updated and reviewed on a regular basis. Consequences: Since the documentation was done so haphazardly, the ability to return to normal operation status in a timely manner is put in jeopardy. Even worse, this can cause the organization to cease to exist. Ways to Improve: Create a Disaster Recovery team and put them in charge of documenting and planning all facets of disaster recovery. Have them update and add the required documentation and have disaster recovery drills to verify the plans. Additionally, the team should take their findings from testing and continually update and try to improve the policy.